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A prototype of a ion-based quantum computer has been created in Russia. It was developed by the scientists from the Russian Quantum Center and the Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rossiyskaya Gazeta reports.
In classical computers, all information is decomposed into bits - 0 or 1. In quantum ones, the smallest unit of information is a quantum bit (qubit), which can simultaneously be in both states at once - 0 and 1.
The number of states in which a quantum processor is located increases rapidly with an increase in the number of qubits communicating with each other. This enables quantum devices to find solutions to various problems much faster than classical computers and supercomputers.
There are also extended versions of qubits - kudits, capable of simultaneously being in three (kutrits) or four states (kuquarts). Russian physicists have built a system of 2 quarts, which is fully equivalent to 4 qubits.
In the course of the experiment, the researchers captured 2 ions in a vacuum chamber and, using a laser, performed a number of operations on them, showing that in the future it is possible to provide a higher quality of implementation of quantum algorithms.
Rosatom called this result the first important milestone in work on a roadmap for quantum computing. A universal quantum computer will be built by the end of 2024.
Russkiy Mir
